ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the normal reference values of spinal bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of in Chinese adult males.Methods:Men who underwent low-dose CT lung scan for cancer screening in regions of Northeast, North, East, South, Central and Southwest of China from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. And the lumbar vertebrae BMD values in the male subjects were measured by the QCT system (Mindways Software, Inc.). The mean BMD values and their decline rates were calculated at an age interval of 10 years, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to the American College of Radiology spine QCT osteoporosis diagnostic criteria.Results:A total of 50 682 males with a mean age of (50.22±12.79) years (ranged 20 to 98 years) were included in this study. The peak BMD of (173.11±28.56) mg/cm 3 in the healthy Chinese adult male population appeared in the age group of 20 to 29 years and then declined with age. Before the age of 70 years, the BMD was relatively higher in males in South China, and it was lower in Central China and Southwest China, and it was intermediate in Northeast, North and East of China, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant differences in BMD in the males in the two age groups of 70 to 79 years and 80 and older among the regions in China. The overall decline rate of spinal BMD in Chinese males under QCT was about 46.92% over the lifetime, and it declined obviouslyin the 40-49 age group. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese male population aged 50 years and above was approximately 11.42%, with the highest prevalence in Southwest China and Central China (14.72% and 13.87%, respectively) and the lowest in North China and South China (8.53% and 7.71%, respectively). Conclusions:A reference of lumbar spine BMD values for healthy males in China based on QCT is established. BMD values were highest in South China and Lowest in Central China.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the association between body composition and blood pressure by quantitative CT (QCT) in a Shanghai population.Methods:A total of 1 307 participants undergoing low-dose CT lung cancer screening and body composition measurem ents using QCT in our hospital from May to December 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. Body composition, including the abdominal soft tissue area (ASTA), visceral adipose area (VAA), and subcutaneous adipose area (SAA) at the central slice of L2, was measured using QCT. To explore the correlations among body composition and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension, Pearson’s correlation, multivariate linear regression, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. The cut-off value for predicting hypertension was analyzed using the ROC curve.Results:Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that ASTA was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure ( r=-0.237- -0.102, P<0.05), while VAA and SAA were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (VAA: r=0.359-0.486, SAA: r= 0.088-0.365, P<0.05 ). After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and waist circumference, multivariate regression analysis showed that VAA was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (β= 0.142, P= 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (β= 0.245, P<0.001), and hypertension ( OR=1.005, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008, P=0.01), while ASTA or SAA was not significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension. ROC curve analysis indicated that the cut-off values of VAA at the central slice of L2 for predicting hypertension in males and females were 201.89 cm 2 and 136.01 cm 2, respectively. Conclusion:Visceral adiposity was found to be closely related to hypertension. For hypertension management, early screening and strengthening of prevention and management methods are needed for people with abnormally increased visceral adiposity.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the advantages of endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic wound with sinus tract adjacent to body cavity.@*Methods@#Thirty-two patients (14 males and 18 females, aged 17 to 87 years) of chronic wounds with sinus tracts adjacent to body cavity, who underwent endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography (CT or magnetic resonance imaging) for the diagnosis and treatment in the Outpatient Department of Wound Healing Center of our hospital from October 2017 to March 2019, were enrolled in the study. Their diagnosis and treatment results were retrospectively analyzed. The following data were calculated. (1) The incidence rates of sinus wound involving body cavity or fistula. (2) The detection rates of sinus wound involving body cavity detected by routine examination and by endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography. (3) The detection rate of pathological features at deep part of wound by routine examination and by endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography. (4) The proportion of patients who benefited from routine examination and from endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography. Data were processed with paired chi-square test and Fisher′s exact probability test.@*Results@#(1) The incidence rate of sinus wound involving body cavity was 43.75% (14/32); the incidence rate of fistula was 0. (2) The detection rate of sinus wound involving body cavity detected by endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography was 43.75% (14/32), which was obviously higher than that by routine examination [12.50% (4/32), χ2=32.0, P<0.01]. (3) The detection rate of pathological features at deep part of wound by endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography was 37.50% (12/32), which was obviously higher than that by routine examination (0, P<0.01). (4) The proportion of patients who benefited from endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography was 71.43% (20/28), which was obviously higher than that from routine examination [12.50% (4/32), χ2=21.6, P<0.01].@*Conclusions@#Compared with routine examination, endoscopy combined with contrast fistulography is more accurate in detecting chronic wound with sinus tract adjacent to body cavity. The diagnosis and treatment of chronic wound with sinus tract adjacent to the body cavity can benefit from this joint examination.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the application value of endoscope in probing the chronic wound with sinus tract in clinic.@*Methods@#Twenty-eight chronic wounds with sinus tracts from 27 patients conforming to the inclusion criteria admitted to Outpatient Department of Wound Healing Center of Ruijin Hospital from December 2017 to March 2018 were investigated in a prospective and self-controlled trial. After being cleaned, the diameter of the opening of sinus tract was measured with a rule. A probe was used to measure the depth of a sinus tract according to the touch from the probe extremity in operation, and to measure the depth of a sinus tract that could be observed with naked eyes with the help of a pair of hemostatic forceps. Five minutes later, a probe was inserted deeply into the sinus tract to measure the depth under the endoscopic view combined with touch from the probe extremity in operation. Afterwards, the sinus tract was observed with endoscope, and the depth of the tract which could be observed under the endoscopic view was measured using a probe inserted deeply into the sinus tract. After completion of the above exploration, the sinus tract was infused with contrast agent Omnipaque 350 and scanned by computed tomography (CT) later to obtain its depth. The following indicators were calculated: the ratio of the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT to the diameter of the opening of the sinus tract (hereinafter referred to as the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract measured by conventional method (measured by probe only) and by endoscope (measured by probe under the endoscope view) with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed measured by conventional method and by endoscope with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed). Data were processed with paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope.@*Results@#The depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract of this group of wounds was 1-32 (8±7). The deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method were (19±14)% and (79±18)%, respectively, both obviously larger than (9±9)% and (25±25)% by endoscope (t=3.837, 13.626, P<0.01). Positive correlation existed between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by conventional method, and between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope (r=0.514, 0.585, 0.651, P<0.01). However, there was no obvious correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by endoscope (r=0.113, P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Compared with the conventional method, application of endoscope is able to get more accurate data of chronic wounds with sinus tracts and observe the wounds with wider range.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in activation of astrocytes in midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) of rats with neuropathic pain.Methods A total of 72 pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 9 weeks,weighing 160-200 g,were divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C,n =8),neuropathic pain group (group NP,n =40),dimethyl sulfoxide control group (group DS,n =12) and JNK inhibitor SP600125 group (group SP,n=12).Neuropathic pain was produced by chronic constriction injury (CCI).At 14 days after CCI,10 nmol JNK inhibitor SP600125 0.5 μl was intraperitoneally injected into the PAG in group SP,and 10％ dimethyl sulfoxide 0.5 μl was given instead in group DS.Eight rats were selected in group C,before CCI and at 3,7,14 and 21 days after CCI in group NP,and in DS and SP groups,and the mechanical pain threshold was measured before CCI,before administration on 14 days after CCI and at 30,45,60,75 and 90 min after administration.The rats in group C were sacrificed after the end of measurement of the mechanical pain threshold,and brains were removed for determination of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression (by Western blot) in PAG region.The rats in group NP were sacrificed after the end of measurement of the mechanical pain threshold at each time point,and brains were removed for detection of p-JNK expression in PAG region.Four rats in DS and SP groups were sacrificed after the last measurement of the mechanical pain threshold at 45 min after administration,and brains were removed for determination of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in PAG region.Results Compared with group C,the mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at each time point after CCI,and the expression of p-JNK was up-regulated at 7-21 days after CCI in group NP (P＜0.01).Compared with group DS,the mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 30 min after administration,and GFAP expression was down-regulated at 45 min after administration in group SP (P＜ 0.01).The mechanical pain threshold was significantly higher at 30-75 min after administration than before administration in group SP (P＜0.01).Conclusion The mechanism underlying activation of astrocytes in PAG is related to activating JNK in the rats with neuropathic pain.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the association between fibrinogen gene polymorphism(rs1049636) and serum γ′ fibrinogen level and ischemic stroke (IS) .Methods 421 IS patients and 421 age‐and gender‐ matched healthy controls ,including 283 males and 138 females ,were recruited in this assay .The plasma γ′fibrinogen concentration was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosor‐bent assay (ELISA) .Fibrinogen gene polymorphism(rs1049636) were genotyped by using PCR‐LDR assay .Results γ′fibrinogen concentrations in IS patients[(159 .4 ± 97 .4)U/dL] were significantly higher than that in control group[(114 .2 ± 73 .0)U/dL] with statistically significant difference(P<0 .001) .Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) analysis showed that rs1049636 C allele was significantly associated withγ′fibrinogen level ,but not associated with increased risk of IS(P=0 .077) .Conclusion An associ‐ation between increasedγ′fibrinogen level and IS existed in Chinese Han population .However ,no association between rs1049636 C allele and IS risk was observed in our study .
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:There are several reports about the application of fresh bone marrow aspirate being injected directly to repair partial ligament injury, but the application about fresh bone marrow aspirate directly being planted on scaffolds to build tissue-engineered ligament is rarely mentioned. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of applying fresh bone marrow aspirate planted directly on scaffolds to construct tissue-engineered ligament METHODS:We constructed fibroin fiber/smal intestinal submucosa composite scaffold, then planting fresh bone marrow directly to built bone marrow seeding group and planting seed cel s (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s) on the scaffold to built cel seeding group. The control group had no treatment. After that, we detected the density of cel adhesion, cel proliferation ability and extracel ular matrix secretion. Then, the composite in the bone marrow seeding group was implanted into the broken anterior cruciate ligament in rabbits, and material biocompatibility in vivo was evaluated after 12 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 4 hours of incubation, bone marrow seeding group was significantly higher than the cel seeding group in cel adhesion density and proliferation rate (P<0.05). Bone marrow seeding group and cel seeding group showed higher type I, III col agen secretion compared with the control group (P<0.05), but the col agen secretion of bone marrow seeding group and cel seeding group showed no significant difference. Composite cel scaffold implantation in vivo did not cause fatal immune rejection and severe inflammatory reaction, and no significant ligament regeneration and vascularization occurred. These findings indicate that fresh bone marrow aspirate can be seeded directly on scaffolds to construct tissue-engineered ligament, and the short-term biocompatibility in vivo is good.